The budget deficit in July 2021 was $301 billion.

 The federal government incurred a deficit of $301 billion in July 2021, CBO estimates— $238 billion more than the shortfall in July 2020. The federal budget deficit was $2.5 trillion [actually 2.539 trillion] in the first 10 months of fiscal year 2021, the Congressional Budget Office estimates—$269 billion less than the deficit recorded during the same period last year.

https://www.cbo.gov/system/files/2021-08/57349-MBR.pdf

Note that outlays fiscal ytd are $5.856 trillion, which is higher than last year at this point, $5.631 trillion.

Where is the money going?

• Outlays for certain refundable tax credits were $318 billion higher than in the first 10 months of 2020.3 That increase was mostly driven by spending for the recovery rebates that were provided by the CAA and ARPA. 
• Outlays from the Coronavirus Relief Fund were $211 billion in the first 10 months of fiscal year 2021, compared with $149 billion during the same period last year. The CARES Act, which was enacted in March 2020, authorized $150 billion for the Treasury to provide grants to state, local, tribal, and territorial governments to offset expenses stemming from the pandemic. Most of those funds were disbursed in April 2020. Nearly all of the 2021 outlays stem from the additional $362 billion provided by ARPA. 
• Spending by the Department of Agriculture (included in “Other” in Table 3) increased by $47 billion, or 31 percent, largely because outlays for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program increased and because payments were made to farmers through the Coronavirus Food Assistance Program to cover increased marketing costs associated with the pandemic. 
• Payments for emergency rental assistance (included in “Other”) have totaled $33 billion in fiscal year 2021. State and local governments use grants provided under the CAA and ARPA to aid low-income households unable to pay rent because of the pandemic. There was no such spending in the first 10 months of fiscal year 2020. 
• Spending by the Department of Homeland Security (included in “Other”) was $23 billion, or 43 percent, higher than in the same period in 2020. That rise is mostly the result of increased spending from the Disaster Relief Fund related to the pandemic, including payments of unemployment benefits under the provisions of the Presidential memorandum issued in August 2020.