Yuan and Money

元 (yuan) means "first" or "dollar".  By itself, it refers to the Chinese currency, which also has the symbol  "¥" (same as the Japanese yen).

圆 (yuan) means "circle" and can also refer to the Chinese currency.
圓 (yuan) is an alternate form.

美 (mei) means "fine, pretty or beautiful", but because it sounds like the first part of "America", it can also mean "American".

美元  (mei-yuan) means the US dollar or the "beautiful dollar".  It has a very positive meaning.

美国 (mei-guo) means the United States of America

日 (ri) means "sun" and also Japanese

日元  (ri-yuan)  is the Japanese yen  ("¥")

日圆 also means the yen.

日文 (ri-wen) is the Japanese written language

币 (bi) means "money, currency"
幣 (bi) is an alternate form.

日幣 (ri-bi) also means Japanese yen

港币 (gang-bi) means the Hong Kong (harbor) dollar (currency) - $HK

港圆 (gang-yuan)  also means the Hong Kong dollar.

台 (tai) means "desk, platform", and by itself means "Taiwanese" because of the sound.

台币 (tai-bi) means the Taiwan currency, the new Taiwan dollar. - $NT

欧 (ou) means Europe

欧元 (ou-yuan) means the European yuan, i.e. the Euro "€"

韩 (han) means Korea 

韩圆 (han-yuan) means the Korean won

韩国 (han-guo) means the country of Korea.  I'm sure the North Koreans would object.

中圆 (zhong-yuan) also means the Chinese yuan, if it needs to be distinguished from other currencies

镑 (bang) is the Pound Sterling.

英 (ying) means "brave".  It also means "English" because of the sound.

英镑 (ying-bang) is the British pound sterling. The ying part isn't really needed because there aren't any other currencies named pound (bang).

金 (jin) means "metal, money, gold".  This is the real stuff that can't be depreciated away.

金镑 (jin-bang) is the British gold sterling.  It doesn't exist anymore.

 英文 (ying-wen) is the English (written) language.